Thursday, June 7, 2012

IMPORTANT VOCABULORY


VOCABULORY


Group 1
Abhor
hate
Bigot
narrow-minded, prejudiced person
Counterfeit
fake; false
Enfranchise
give voting rights
Hamper
hinder; obstruct
Kindle
to start a fire
Noxious
harmful; poisonous; lethal
Placid
calm; peaceful
Remuneration
payment for work done
Talisman
lucky charm
Group 2
Abrasive
rough; coarse; harsh
Bilk
cheat; defraud
Covert
hidden; undercover
Engender
cause
Hangar
storage area (like garage) for a plane
Knotty
complex; difficult to solve
Nuance
something subtle; a fine shade of meaning
Plagiarism
taking credit for someone else's writing or ideas
Renown
fame
Tangent
going off the main subject
Group 3
Abasement
humiliation; degradation
Billowing
swelling; fluttering; waving
Cower
recoil in fear or servility; shrink away from
Enhance
improve; make better or clearer
Harangue
noisy, attacking speech
Labyrinth
a maze
Nullify
to counter; make unimportant
Plaintiff
petitioner (in court of law)
Replete
full
Tangible
can be touched
Group 4
Abrogate
cancel; deny; repeal
Blasphemy
speech which offends religious sentiments
Credible
believable
Enigma
puzzle; mystery
Harbingers
indicators; bringers of warnings
Labyrinthine
complicated; highly convoluted
Nuzzle
cuddle; snuggle
Plaudit
statement giving strong praise
Reprehensible
shameful; very bad
Tardy
slow; late; overdue; delayed
Group 5
Absolution
forgiveness; pardon; release
Blatant
obvious
Creditable
praiseworthy
Ensconce
establish firmly in a position
Hasten
hurry; accelerate; rush
Laceration
a cut
Obdurate
stubborn
Plausible
can be believed; reasonable
Reprieve
a respite; postponement of a sentence
Tawdry
of little value; gaudy
Group 6
Abstain
desist; go without; withdraw
Blighted
damaged; destroyed; ruined
Credulous
gullible; ready to believe anything
Enshroud
cover
Haughtiness
arrogance; pride
Lachrymose
tearful; sad
Obfuscate
deliberately make something difficult to understand
Plethora
an excess
Repudiate
shun; eschew
Tedium
boredom
Group 7
Abstemious
self denying; refraining from indulging
Blithe
free-spirited; carefree
Crepuscular
active at dawn and dusk
Enunciation
clear pronunciation; accent; articulation
Headstrong
stubborn; willful
Lackluster
dull; monotonous; bland
Objective
unbiased; not subjective
Pliable
flexible; not stubborn
Rescind
retract; repeal
Temper
to moderate; soften
Group 8
Abstruse
difficult to understand; obscure
Blunderbuss
1. ancient weapon (type of gun); 2. a clumsy person
Cringe
recoil; flinch; shy away
Envenom
to cause bitterness and bad feeling
Hedonism
self indulgence; pleasure-seeking
Laconic
using few words; brief; to the point
Oblique
indirect; slanting
Plumage
feathers of a bird
Resignation
acceptance of fate
Tenacious
stubborn; resolute; holding firm to a purpose
Group 9
Accolade
tribute; honor; praise
Bolster
support; prop up
Cryptic
puzzling; enigmatic
Ephemeral
short-lived
Hedonist
a pleasure seeker
Lamentation
expression of regret or sorrow
Obliterate
destroy; demolish; eradicate
Plummet
fall suddenly and steeply
Resolution
determination
Tentative
not certain
Group 10
Acquiesce
to agree to; give in to
Bombast
arrogant, pompous language
Curtail
cut short
Epicure
someone who appreciates good food and drink
Heed
listen to
Lampoon
ridicule; spoof
Oblivious
totally unaware
Podium
raised platform
Resonant
echoing
Tenuous
flimsy; not solid


Group 1
Acrid
sharp; pungent (used of smells and tastes)
Boorish
ill-mannered
Cynical
believing that people act only out of selfish motives
Epistle
a letter (form of communication)
Heresy
against orthodox opinion
Lance
spear; spike; javelin
Obscure
difficult to understand; partially hidden
Poignant
deeply moving; strongly affecting the emotions
Respite
a break; intermission
Terse
concise; to the point
Group 2
Acrophobia
fear of heights
Bourgeois
middle class
Debility
weakness; incapacity
Epistolary
concerned with letters; through correspondence
Hiatus
interruption; pause
Languid
tired; slow
Obscured
hidden; covered; buried
Poised
calm; collected; self-possessed
Resplendent
shining; glowing
Therapeutic
medicinal; curative
Group 3
Acuity
sharpness (mental or visual)
Braggart
someone who boasts
Debunking
exposing false claims or myths
Epitomized
typified; characterized; personified
Hidebound
rigid in opinions
Languish
decay; fade away; get weaker
Obsequious
servile; submissive
Polemical
causing debate or argument
Restorative
a tonic
Thwart
prevent; frustrate
Group 4
Adamant
forceful; inflexible
Brawny
muscular
Decathlon
an athletic competition with ten events
Equivocate
speak ambiguously; avoid telling the truth
Hieroglyphics
1. picture writing; 2. writing which is difficult to read or enigmatic
Larceny
theft; robbery; stealing
Obsession
a dominating concern
Ponderous
weighty; slow and heavy
Retention
preservation; withholding
Timorous
cowardly; fearful
Group 5
Adroit
skilful
Brevity
being brief
Decorum
dignified, correct behavior [decorous (a)]
Err
make a mistake
Hinder
obstruct
Largess
generosity
Obsolete
no longer valid
Pontificate
speak pompously or dogmatically
Reticent
restrained; holding something back; uncommunicative
Tirade
stream of verbal abuse
Group 6
Adulation
strong admiration; worship
Bristle
to show irritation
Decoy
lure; trap; trick
Erratic
wandering; irregular
Histrionic
theatrical; exaggerated
Laud
praise
Obstreperous
noisy and boisterous
Portend
foretell
Retraction
withdrawal; cancellation of a statement
Titter
giggle quietly
Group 7
Adversity
hardship
Broach
start to discuss; approach
Deference
respect
Esoteric
obscure and difficult to understand
Hoary
old
Lavish
on a grand scale; wasteful
Obtuse
mentally dull
Portent
a warning sign; omen
Revere
worship
Tome
large book
Group 8
Advocate
support
Brusque
blunt; abrupt
Defoliate
cause leaves to fall off
Espouse
promote; take up; support
Hone
sharpen; increase; whet
Lax
careless; not strict
Obviate
avoid; make unnecessary
Poseur
someone who puts on an act
Riddled
full of (usually full of holes)
Torpid
inactive; lazy; stagnant
Group 9
Aesthetic
concerning art or beauty
Bulwark
fortification; barricade; wall
Defunct
no longer in existence
Etymology
the study of word origins
Hyperbole
grossly exaggerated speech
Legend
1. key to map; 2. myth or story
Odious
hateful
Posterity
future generations
Rife
common
Torpor
dormancy; sluggishness; inactivity
Group 10
Affable
friendly; social; easygoing
Bureaucracy
officialdom
Degradation
deprivation; poverty; debasement
Eulogy
praise
Hypochondriac
a person obsessed with health; having imaginary illnesses
Legion
in large numbers
Officious
domineering; intrusive; meddlesome
Posthumous
after death
Rigor
thoroughness
Totter
walk unsteadily

Group 1
Alacrity
eagerness; enthusiasm; quickness
Burgeon
grow; flourish; put forth new shoots
Deleterious
harmful
Euphemism
a polite phrase to cover something unpleasant
Hypocritical
insincere
Lethargic
tired; without energy
Ogle
stare at; observe in an obvious manner
Postulate
hypothesize; propose
Robust
strong; healthy; tough
Tractable
obedient; dutiful; polite
Group 2
Alchemy
medieval chemistry; attempt to change base metal into gold
Burnish
polish
Deliberate
to think over deeply
Euphony
pleasant sounds
Iconoclast
person who opposes orthodoxy
Levity
flippancy; joking about serious matters
Olfactory
concerned with the sense of smell
Potable
suitable for drinking
Rotund
round
Tranquil
peaceful
Group 3
Alibi
an excuse that shows someone was not at a crime scene
Buttress
strengthen; support
Delineation
demarcation; explanation; definition; outlining
Evacuate
vacate; empty; abandon
Idiosyncrasy
a personal peculiarity; something unique to an individual
Libertarian
someone who opposes tyranny
Ominous
threatening
Potent
powerful; compelling; strong
Ruminate
think over something; ponder
Transcribe
copy
Group 4
Allay
to lessen
Byline
the line that tells you who wrote an article
Demur
hesitate; refuse
Exacerbate
make worse
Ignominious
shameful
Liniment
soothing lotion
Omnipotent
all-powerful
Pragmatic
practical
Ruse
trick; stratagem
Transgress
go astray; disobey; commit a sin
Group 5
Alleviate
make less severe
Cacophony
discordant loud noises
Denounce
condemn; speak out against
Exasperated
frustrated; annoyed
Ignominy
shame [ignominious (a) = shameful]
Lithe
flexible; supple
Omniscient
all-knowing
Pragmatist
practical person; one who is concerned with usefulness
Saccharin
falsely sweet
Transient
short-lived; ephemeral
Group 6
Aloof
distant; detached; cold
Cajole
coax
Deplete
use up; lessen
Exceptionable
very bad (something which we should object to)
Illuminate
to light up or make clear
Livid
very angry
Onerous
burdensome; hard to undertake
Preamble
introductory material
Sacrosanct
very holy; inviolable
Traverse
to move across
Group 7
Altruism
putting others first; being self-sacrificing
Caldron
huge cooking pot
Deplore
regret
Exculpate
free someone from blame; pardon; acquit
Illusory
deceptive; false; misleading
Lobbyist
person who tries to persuade someone to support a particular cause
Onus
burden
Precarious
unstable; risky
Sagacious
wise
Trepidation
fear
Group 8
Amass
accumulate
Callow
immature
Depravity
moral corruption
Execrable
very, very bad
Immoderate
excessive; extreme
Lofty
snooty; arrogant; haughty
Opaque
does not let light through
Precedent
a previous occurrence used as a guide
Sage
a wise person
Trinket
something of little value; knick-knack
Group 9
Ambiguity
uncertainty; vagueness
Candid
frank; honest
Deprecate
criticize; denounce
Exegesis
scholarly explanation or interpretation
Immutable
unchanging; permanent
Longevity
long life
Opulent
wealthy; rich; magnificent
Precept
guiding principle
Salacious
lecherous; erotic
Trite
unoriginal; dull
Group 10
Ambiguous
unclear in meaning; can be interpreted in different ways
Candor
frankness; openness
Deride
ridicule; make fun of; mock
Exemplary
outstandingly good; setting a fine example
Impartial
unbiased; neutral
Loquacious
talkative
Ordain
1. destine; 2. confer holy orders on a priest
Precinct
district of a city
Sallow
yellowish
Trivial
unimportant
Group 1
Ambivalence
lack of clarity; wavering; being undecided
Cantankerous
bad-tempered; quarrelsome
Derogatory
uncomplimentary
Exemplify
to serve as a good example
Impecunious
having no money
Lucid
clear
Ornate
highly decorated
Precipice
steep slope
Salubrious
health-giving
Truant
shirker; someone absent without permission
Group 2
Ambulatory
able to walk around (used of hospital patients)
Capacious
spacious
Desecrate
to damage or pollute a holy place
Exhaustive
complete and thorough
Impious
wicked; profane
Ludicrous
ridiculous; silly
Orthodox
conventional
Precipitous
done in a hurry
Salutary
something which teaches you a lesson; beneficial
Truncate
cut short
Group 3
Ameliorate
make better
Capitulate
surrender; give in to
Desecration
spoiling something holy
Exonerates
acquits; absolves; removes blame
Impoverished
destitute; poor
Lukewarm
1. unenthusiastic; 2. neither hot nor cold
Ossify
1. turn to bone; 2. become fixed and rigid
Preclude
prevent or make impossible
Sanctimonious
hypocritically holy
Tumult
uproar; noise
Group 4
Amelioration
improvement
Carping
constant criticism
Desist
stop; discontinue; cease
Exorcism
getting free/rid of; eliminating (especially demons)
Impromptu
unrehearsed; spontaneous
Lummox
clumsy person
Ostentatious
showy
Precocious
developing early
Sanction
give approval to
Turpitude
depravity
Group 5
Amiable
friendly
Cartographer
person who makes maps
Despondent
having no hope; miserable
Expatriate
refugee; emigrant; someone living away from his own country
Inadvertent
not intentional
Luscious
juicy; moist; succulent
Oust
push out of a position
Predecessor
one who came before
Sanguinary
bloodthirsty; bloody
Tyro
novice; beginner
Group 6
Amity
friendship
Castigate
scold strongly
Destitution
hardship; poverty; misery
Expedient
convenient; practical
Incantation
chant; invocation; prayer
Lynch
assassinate; kill; illegal hanging
Overt
obvious; not hidden
Predicament
dilemma; difficult situation
Sanguine
optimistic; cheerful
Ubiquitous
found everywhere; omnipresent
Group 7
Amorphous
lacking in shape
Catharsis
purging of pent-up emotions
Deter
put off; prevent
Expedite
make faster
Incarceration
putting in prison
Machinations
plots and plans
Overwrought
worked up; in an emotional state
Preeminent
famous; outstanding
Sardonic
mocking
Unalloyed
undiluted; total
Group 8
Analgesic
medicine to combat pain
Caucus
type of private political meeting
Deteriorate
worsen; decline
Exposition
clear explanation
Incessant
without stopping
Maelstrom
whirlpool; storm in the ocean
Palatable
good to eat; agreeable
Prerogative
right or privilege
Savant
person with knowledge
Unctuous
oily; using excessive flattery
Group 9
Analogous
comparable
Caustic
burning
Detrimental
harmful
Extol
praise
Incipient
just beginning
Magnanimous
generous; big-hearted
Palisade
fence made of posts
Prescient
having fore-knowledge
Scale
to climb
Undermined
damaged; attacked
Group 10
Anarchy
chaos; lack of government
Cavalcade
procession of vehicles
Devoured
greedily eaten/consumed
Extradite
deport from one country back to the home country
Inclination
tendency; a leaning toward
Magnate
powerful businessman
Palliative
a remedy that improves but doesn't cure
Presentiment
a feeling that something might happen
Scapegoat
person on whom blame is placed for faults of others
Underscore
emphasize
Group 1
Anecdote
a brief amusing story
Celerity
speed
Dexterous
skilful with hands
Extraneous
irrelevant
Incoherent
not clear
Maladroit
clumsy; unskillful
Pallid
pale
Presumptuous
assuming too much; arrogant
Scrupulous
careful; diligent; painstaking
Unequivocal
clear; obvious
Group 2
Animosity
hatred; antagonism
Censorious
disapproving; critical
Dichotomy
a division into two parts
Extrapolate
extend; predict on the basis of known data
Incongruous
not fitting in; out of place
Malady
illness
Palpable
easily felt; easily perceived
Pretentious
pompous; self-important
Scrutinize
examine carefully
Unfetter
set free
Group 3
Annex (n)
a building which is an addition to an existing building
Censure
blame
Didactic
intended to teach; instructive
Extrinsic
irrelevant; on the outside
Inconsequential
unimportant; insignificant; negligible
Malediction
a curse
Panacea
remedy for all ills
Prevaricate
speak misleadingly and evasively
Scuttle
sink
Unfrock
to remove a priest from his position
Group 4
Annex (v)
take possession of; seize; capture
Cerebral
intellectual
Diffident
lacking confidence
Fallacious
false
Inconspicuous
not easily seen; subtle; not noticeable
Malefactor
a wrong-doer
Paradigm
1. example; 2. model; 3. way of looking at things
Pristine
unspoiled
Seminary
an institution in which priests are trained
Unprecedented
never having happened before
Group 5
Anomaly
something which does not fit in a pattern; irregularity
Certitude
certainty
Digress
wander off the subject
Falter
hesitate; waver
Indelible
cannot be wiped out
Malinger
deliberately avoid work; shirk
Paradox
apparently contradictory statement
Proclivity
tendency towards
Sensuous
appealing to the senses
Unscathed
unharmed; intact; without a scratch
Group 6
Antagonism
hostility; strong opposition
Charlatan
trickster who claims knowledge he doesn't have
Dike
dam; embankment
Fanatical
obsessive; fixated
Indifferent
1. neutral; 2. not outstanding
Malingerer
person who deliberately tries to avoid work
Paragon
a perfect example
Procrastinate
delay; put off
Sentinel
guard; sentry
Unwitting
not deliberate; unconscious
Group 7
Antagonistic
opposed; hostile; aggressive
Chary
wary of; cautious about; reluctant to give
Dilatory
slow; falling behind with one's work
Fanaticism
passion; excessive devotion
Indigenous
native to a particular area
Malleable
flexible; can be shaped
Paramount
of supreme importance
Prodigal
wasteful; extravagant
Sequester
isolate
Upbraid
scold; tell off; reprimand
Group 8
Antediluvian
outdated; prehistoric; very old-fashioned
Chastises
punishes
Dilemma
puzzling situation
Fastidious
overly particular; finicky
Indolence
laziness
Mallet
1. wooden hammer; 2. stick used for polo
Parasite
1. scrounger; 2. animal which takes digested food from another
Prodigious
very large
Serendipity
fortunate coincidence; unsought discovery
Uproarious
hilarious; hysterical; very funny
Group 9
Anthology
a book which is a collection of poems or stories
Chicanery
trickery
Dilettante
person who dabbles in a subject without serious study
Fatuous
silly; foolish
Inductee
novice; beginner
Manipulatable
influencable; controllable
Parched
dried up
Profane
unholy
Serene
calm; peaceful
Upshot
outcome
Group 10
Anthropocentrism
putting man at the center of one's philosophy
Chimerical
changeable; unstable
Diligent
hard-working
Feasible
possible and practicable
Indulgent
pampering; satisfying desires
Marred
damaged; spoiled
Pariah
an outcast from society
Profanity
swearing; cursing
Serrated
jagged; saw-like
Urbane
sophisticated; suave
Group 1
Antiquated
outdated; old fashioned
Choleric
easily angered
Diorama
model of a scene
Fecund
fertile
Inebriation
drunkenness; intoxication
Marshal
to gather together
Parity
equality
Profound
having deep meaning
Servile
overly submissive; groveling
Usurp
take someone's position (usually by force)
Group 2
Apathetic
indifferent; uninterested; lethargic
Chronicler
person who records historical information
Dirge
mournful song
Felicitous
apt
Ineffable
cannot be expressed in words
Marsupial
pouched mammal (like a kangaroo)
Parochial
narrow-minded; concerned only with local matters
Profundity
depth
Skeptical
doubting; not gullible
Utilitarian
useful
Group 3
Apathy
lack of interest or emotion
Circuitous
indirect
Disapprobation
disapproval
Fervor
passion; enthusiasm
Inept
incompetent; unskilled; useless
Martinet
person who believes in strict discipline
Parody
a mockery; imitation for ridicule; spoof
Proletarian
member of the working class
Skirmish
minor battle
Utopian
a believer in an ideal world
Group 4
Apocryphal
of doubtful origin
Circumlocution
using too many words; long-windedness
Discern
to distinguish one thing from another
Fickle
unpredictable; whimsical; easily swayed
Inertia
inactivity; lethargy
Masochist
person who intentionally inflicts pain on himself
Parry
ward off; avoid
Prolific
producing a lot
Sluggard
slow-moving; lethargic person
Vacillate
waver; hesitate
Group 5
Appease
pacify; soothe; calm down; make peace with
Circumscribe
limit
Discord
disagreement
Finesse
skill
Inevitable
cannot be avoided
Matriarchy
society governed by women
Parsimonious
economical; frugal; thrifty
Proponents
promoters; supporters
Smelt
refine an ore
Vacuous
empty; silly; meaningless
Group 6
Apprehensive
worried; fearful
Circumspect
cautious; considering all sides
Discordancy
cacophony; harshness; jarring
Fitful
not continuous; stopping and starting
Inexorable
relentless
Maverick
a loner
Parsimony
stinginess; frugality; cost-cutting
Prosaic
dull; boring; ordinary
Smorgasbord
a Swedish buffet of cold dishes
Vagrant
person wandering without a home
Group 7
Arable
can be cultivated
Circumvent
avoid
Discrepancy
something which does not match up; inconsistency
Flagrant
clearly wrong
Inexpedient
not advisable
Meager
in short supply
Partisan
biased; one-sided; committed to one group
Proscribe
forbid
Solace
comfort for grief
Vapid
dull; uninspiring
Group 8
Arbitrary
random; for no definite reason
Clairvoyant
psychic; mystic
Discriminate
to make a clear distinction; see the difference
Flamboyant
showy; ornate
Infallible
perfect; flawless; cannot make mistakes
Meander
wander from side to side
Pathos
evoking sadness or pity
Prosody
study of versification
Solicit
to ask for; seek
Variegated
multicolored; speckled
Group 9
Arcane
obscure; known only to a few people
Clamor
shout; scream
Discursiveness
long windedness; indirectness
Flaunt
show off; display in a showy manner
Infamous
famous for something bad
Mellow
soft; melodious; ripe
Patron
one who give support (usually financial)
Prostration
1. lying face down; 2. be overcome with extreme weakness
Somnambulist
sleepwalker
Vehemence
violence; fervor; forcefulness
Group 10
Archaic
ancient; outdated; old fashioned
Clandestine
secret; covert; stealthy
Disdain
contempt; strong dislike
Flippant
making jokes about serious matters
Infer
deduce; conclude
Menagerie
collection of animals
Patronize
condescend to; behave in an arrogant manner towards
Protagonist
main character in film, book, play etc.
Soothsayer
fortuneteller
Vehement
forceful























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